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Structural Inspections
Structural problems must be inspected and diagnosed
by a licensed engineer – this is beyond the scope of what is covered in standard home inspections. EIS can provide structural
inspections along with a home inspection or as a separate inspection. Typical structural problem areas are as follows:
Foundations As a professional engineer I have made many structural evaluations on homes that are being sold or purchased. Many homes have age related movement or settling that can affect the integrity of the foundation walls. This could be due to the soil characteristics or the construction methods and materials used. Foundation cracks may develop over time and proper diagnosis of the cause of the problem is very important to determine if an ongoing problem exists and if so, what repairs are needed. Foundation movement can also affect the framed structure of the house in some cases. EIS can provide a thorough evaluation of all structural components.
Retaining Walls Masonry and other types of retaining walls often have cracking and movement problems on residential structures. Many retaining walls are added after the house is near completion and are not well anchored to the house. Some don’t have the proper drainage or construction to withstand excessive forces caused by moisture and the soil they are retaining. Others exhibit amateur construction without the proper knowledge of the forces involved and proper design constraints. Again, a proper diagnosis of the problem will determine if the wall is stable or needs some type of repair to prevent further movement.
Decks Residential decks are very often built by homeowners and it is not uncommon to find numerous defects and safety issues. Decks should not be built without a building permit and many homeowners do not obtain one. This is not to say that a homeowner cannot build a good deck. However; there is a tremendous liability involved with proper deck construction especially those with significant elevation above the ground. Most experts agree that the average life expectancy of a wood deck is 10 to 15 years. Decks are popular for parties and get-togethers and can easily be overloaded. The integrity and safety of the ledger, decking, railings, stairs, columns, joists and proper fasteners are of paramount importance. The photos below show excessive spacing of the railings and poor attachment of railing columns. Law suits can result from personal injury due to poor construction and your own family may be at risk. Do not assume that a deck is well built – have it inspected.
Insect Damage Wood-destroying insects, especially termites can cause significant structural damage. Many times the damage is not visible or may be in areas that most homeowners don’t want to go such as crawlspaces. All homes being sold in Virginia require a termite inspection by a licensed pest control company. If damage is found in any of the structural elements, EIS can determine the extent and advise the parties on what corrections are necessary to re-establish structural integrity. Letters of acceptance will be supplied to mortgage lenders detailing the problem and any corrections required.
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